Evolución y tendencias de investigación en estrategias de ecoturismo
Un estudio bibliométrico global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56162/transdigital549Palabras clave:
estrategias de sostenibilidad, gobernanza y comunidades, geoturismo y geoparques, bibliometría, ecoturismoResumen
Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico de las estrategias utilizadas en el ecoturismo a nivel global con base en Scopus (2015–2025). Tras aplicar filtros de calidad, la muestra final incluyó 797 documentos, procesados con Bibliometrix (R) y VOSviewer. Se describieron tendencias temporales, concentración editorial y geográfica, así como estructuras temáticas y redes (co-ocurrencias y acoplamiento). Los resultados mostraron un crecimiento sostenido con aceleración a partir de 2020 y pico en 2025; una alta concentración en pocas fuentes (con Sustainability como núcleo) y un liderazgo de China, Indonesia, España, Italia y Estados Unidos de América. Los mapas temáticos revelaron un núcleo sostenibilidad–gestión, un polo patrimonial–geológico (geoturismo/geoparques) y un eje socio-comunitario. En la discusión crítica se contrastaron enfoques gerenciales y socio-ambientales, y se identificaron como estrategias más efectivas: gobernanza con participación comunitaria, alineación con capacidades ecológicas (carga y servicios ecosistémicos), educación e interpretación contextualizadas al tipo de destino y seguimiento de impactos para ajustes adaptativos. Estas pautas permiten integrar conservación, valor social local y gestión profesional del destino, ofreciendo una base para decisiones de política y operación en contextos variados.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Angelica Granados Sánchez, Magda Elizabeth Marín Beltrán, Rogelio Rojas Ramos
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